1308. augusztus 17. Meghal Montefalcói Szent Klára, aki hatéves korában lépett isten szolgálatába, a nővére által alapított laikus vallási közösségbe. Elsősorban víziói és próféciái tették nevezetessé. Állítólag "olyan átéléssel gondolt Krisztus szenvedéseire, hogy egy látomása alkalmával Krisztus jutalomból a szívébe plántálta a keresztjét. Halála után a bizonyságra vágyó nővértársak e szívet ki is metszették a szent testéből, és - láss csodát - valóban megtalálták benne Krisztus szenvedéseinek az eszközeit: a miniatűr keresztet, a korbácsot, a lándzsát, a szivacsot és a töviskoszorút". Mindezt nem egy középkori katolikus krónika mondja, hanem a Rubicon 1998. második különszámában egy bizonyos Klaniczay Gábor "Az égi szerelem. Misztika és erotika a középkorban" c. cikkében - mindenféle szerkesztőségi megjegyzés nélkül. Itt tartunk... (Vö. 1253. augusztus 11.; 1297. február 22; 1309. január 4.; 1380. április 29.; 1582. augusztus 4.; 1582. október 4.)
1665 August 17, SURINAM
The small colony, recently occupied by the English, gave full rights to the Jews (mostly Spanish and Portuguese refugees) to practice Judaism and run their own affairs. This remarkably liberal charter was transferred over to the Dutch when they conquered the colony as a means of encouraging the Jews to remain.
1879 August 17, - 1974 SAMUEL GOLDWYN (Goldfish) (Poland-USA)
Film producer began by working in a glove factory. Forming a filmmaking partnership in 1913 with brother-in-law Jesse L. Lasky and Cecil B. de Mille, their first venture was The Squaw Man. He eventually formed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) and produced films which included Porgy and Bess, Guys and Dolls, and The Best Years Of Our Lives. He was also famous for his fractured use of the English language which became known as Goldwynisms with such gems as "Include me out", "We are dealing with facts and not realities", and I'll give you a definite maybe."
1915 August 17, LEO FRANK (USA)
A southern Jew falsely accused of murdering 14-year-old Mary Phagen was taken out of prison and hung by a lynch mob. A few months earlier, his death sentence had been commuted to life in prison by Governor John Slaton, who believed that Frank had not had a fair trial. In 1925, Jim Conlay, a negro who had been his accuser in court, was found guilty of her murder and of perjury.(see 1913)
1938 August 17, LAW REGARDING CHANGE OF NAMES (Germany)
Jewish men were required to add the name "Israel" and Jewish women, the name "Sarah" to all legal documents.
1940: Hitler announces that a total maritime blockade is to be placed around Britain, with any neutral ships transporting cargo to Britain to be sunk without warning.
1940: Axis financial meeting decides Berlin will replace London as European financial centre after victory.
1940: Duke of Windsor sworn in as governor-general of Bermuda.
1940: British warships bombard Italian ports in Libya. The 5th Indian Division is deployed to the defense of Sudan.
1941: Army Group North in its drive toward Leningrad captures Narva. The Romanians seal off and begin a siege of the Black Sea port of Odessa.
1941: Sinking of the US-Panama freighter Sessa.
1941: The USA reply's to Admiral Nomura's proposals of the 6th August, rejecting any high level meeting until the present differences between Japan and the USA have been resolved.
1942: The first all-American bombing raid in Europe is conducted against Rouen by Eighth USAAF.
1942: The Germans claim to have reached the Don, less than 100 miles from Stalingrad. Fighting starts in foothills of the Caucasus.
1942: US Marine Raiders attack Makin Island in the Gilbert Islands from two submarines.
1943: The first Quebec summit opens with the allied plans for the invasion of France being approved by Roosevelt and Churchill.
1943: 597 RAF bombers attack Peenemunde on the Baltic coast, the birthplace of the 'V' weapons. 376 B-17's and B-24's of the US 8th Air Force carry out double raids against the ball-bearing plants at Schweinfurt and the Messerschmitt fighter works at Regensburg, losing 80 aircraft in the process.
1943: German and Italian forces successfully evacuate Sicily across the Strait of Messina, with little interference by the Allies. This allows Montgomery and Patton enter Messina. The whole of Sicily is now in allied hands. The shelling of the Italian mainland from Messina begins.
1943: Heavy US air attacks on the Japanese airfields at Wewak on the North coast of New Guinea, with 215 Japanese planes destroyed for loss of just six USAAF aircraft.
1943: In New Guinea, a Japanese plane is hit during a raid and crashes into a church. The chaplain is killed and several soldiers attending the service are injured.
1944 August 17, DRANCY CONCENTRATION/TRANSIT CAMP (France)
Was liberated. From August 21, 1941 until it was liberated over 61,000 Jews were deported from Drancy "to the East." Many Jews died in Drancy and its satellite camps (Noe, Gurs, and Recebedou). 1500 inmates were still in the camp when it was liberated. 1987. augusztus 17. Berlin-Spandaui börtöncellájában holtan találják a 93 éves Rudolf Hesst, Hitler egykori helyettesét, a nyaka körül egy elektromos huzallal.
1944: The remnants of the Vichy French regime in the French capital take flight for Germany as the Resistance comes out into the open and seizes strong points throughout the city. They establish a comic-opera "government-in-exile" in the German city of Sigmaringen until the end of the war. The Citadel at St. Malo surrenders after heavy fighting. Falaise falls to the Canadians and Monty orders the pocket to be sealed. U.S. armor frees Chartres, Orleans and Chateaudun. Field Marshal Model takes over command of German forces in the West from Field Marshal von Kluge who committed suicide because of his involvement in the 20th July bomb plot. Marshal Petain and his staff are interned at Belfort by order of the Führer. The Vichy French government under Premier Laval resigns.
1944: The mayor of Paris, Pierre Charles Tattinger, meets with the German commander Dietrich von Choltitz to protest the explosives being deployed throughout the city.
1944: The Russians reach the East Prussian/Lithuanian border.
1945: U-977 arrives in River Plate estuary and surrenders. The 600-ton U-boat left Kiel on the 13th April.
1945: Three of the Emperor's family are dispatched to China to carry the news of cease-fire to Japanese troops still fighting there.
1945: Upon hearing confirmation that Japan has surrendered, Sukarno proclaims Indonesia's independence.
1945: The country of Korea is divided between the United States and the Soviet Union.The Soviets will control everything north of the thirty-eighth parallel, while the United States will oversee the southern portion.
2003. augusztus 17. A pedofil papok amerikai áldozatait képviselő Daniel Shea ügyvéd által megszerzett vatikáni dokumentum alapján a brit Observer közzéteszi, hogy XXIII. János pápa 1962-ben arra utasította az érsekeket, hogy titkolják el, ha papjaik szexuális visszaéléseket követnének el. A Vatikán elismerte a dokumentum eredetiségét, de cáfolta, hogy szervezett elhallgatási szándék állna mögötte. (Vö. 1591. július 29.; 2001. május 18.; 2002. március 19.)
Gale Robbins
*Little known singer/actress Gale Robbins was a knockout-looking hazel-eyed redhead who made a slight dent in post-war Hollywood. Born Betty Gale Robbins in Chicago, Illinois (some say Mitchell, Indiana) on May 7, 1921, she was the daughter of Arthur E. and Blanche Robbins, and educated at Chicago's Jennings Seminary at Aurora, Illinois and Flower Tech. Gale had a natural flair for music and appeared in glee clubs and church choirs in the early days. She graduated from her Chicago high school in 1939.
She started out in entertainment as a model for the Vera Jones Modeling School in Chicago, but her singing talents soon took over. Signed by a talent agency, she sang with Phil Levant's outfit in 1940 and later teamed with some male singers for a swing band that called themselves "The Duchess and Her Dukes." She went on to work with some of the top radio and live 'big bands' of that era including the Ben Bernie, Jan Garber and Hal Kemp orchestras.
20th Century-Fox caught sight of this slim looker and quickly signed her up, her first film being the pleasant time-filler "In the Meantime, Darling" (1944). A semi-popular cheesecake pin-up, Gale appeared on the cover of "Yank, The Army Weekly" in 1944 and toured with Bob Hope in Europe the next year. Her post-war parts, mostly sultry second leads, were typically lightweight in nature. She was often lent out to other studios and not always in a singing mode. Gale's better known film work includes "Race Street" (1948), "The Barkleys of Broadway" (1949), "Three Little Words" (1950), "The Fuller Brush Girl" (1950) and "Calamity Jane" (1953).
Married to her high school sweetheart Robert Olson in December of 1943 while he was serving in the Air Force, her husband turned to construction engineering as a career and they had two children. After he was tragically killed in a 1968 building accident, Gale, left with two daughters to raise, decided to make a comeback of sorts. Besides appearing in nightclubs, she was glimpsed in the film "Stand Up and Be Counted" (1972) and appeared on stage in Stephen Sondheim's musical "Company" in 1975.
Gale Robbins died of lung cancer on February 18, 1980 (aged 58) in Los Angeles, California.
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